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"...being predictive, being right about the future, is not the point of any given story or novel. The point is about exploring as wide a range of possibilities as possible."
- Peter Watts

Clericomotor  
  An automaton clergyman; a robotic pastor.  

The church in Byesville was in need of a new pastor; a stranger offered an unusual solution to the congregation's problem.

On the tenth day following the first appearance of the advertisement a stranger stepped from the New York morning express train into the Byesville depot, and a few moments later was conveyed in the village omnibus to the Wallingford house. His baggage, a metallic bound trunk of unusual size, soon followed him.

He registered as John Rogers, and after a short conversation with the clerk, which resulted in the sending of the bell boy on a mysterious errand, was shown to room 16, whither his trunk preceded him. A subdued noise of hammering was heard from the stranger's apartment for a brief period, and then all was still...

Half an hour later a gentle knock on the door of No. 16 announced the presence of Deacons Simpson, Stimpson and Grubb. The stranger ushered them in with a quiet courtesy and begged them to be seated...

Excuse me gentlemen. He dashed behind the curtain. A low, clicking noise was heard for a moment, and then the drapery was suddenly drawn aside.

"Gentlemen," briskly cried Rogers, unconsciously assuming the air of a traveling showman, "I have the distinguished pleasure of introducing to you the Rev. Dr. Dummeigh."

The deacons arose with much gravity and bowed very stiffly.

To their greeting the distinguished looking figure at the table vouchsafed no response; his attitude of profound meditation remained unchanged. Somewhat taken aback by this frigid reception, the worthy deacon, after a moment's hesitation, turned an inquiring look upon Mr. John Rogers.

"Ah," said that gentleman in a reassuring tone, "I see I must explain. Let me do so as briefly as possible. Our clerical friend here is not, as you suppose, a being of flesh and blood, but a creature of my own invention." This astounding revelation had a startling effect upon the deacons. They simultaneously arose with the evident intention of inspecting the figure at close quarters, but Mr. Rodgers checked them.

"But how," queried Deacon Simpson, "do you supply the brains?"

"And the voice?" added Deacon Stimpson.

"An' the gesturin'?" concluded Deacon Grubb.

"Nothing easier," said the inventor. "You are, of course, familiar with the principles of the phonograph. I will frankly state that I have adopted this idea – in an improved form, of course – in constructing the clericomotor."

He approached the automaton. "Now, gentlemen," he continued, "if you will give me your closest attention, I will show you how the figure is operated."

The deacons crowded round him in open-mouthed expectancy. He went on glibly: "By pressing on the right-hand button at the back of the coat a trap-door, you observe, flies open between the shoulder-blades. Into this receptacle I slide this prepared electro-type plate. By pressing upon the left-hand button I close the trap-door. Now, if you will cast your eyes at the calf of the left leg, you will see a small projecting rod. To this I attach an ordinary crank – thus." Suiting the action to the word, he placed the handle in position and turned it vigorously.

The result was marvelous. The figure arose from its sitting posture in a dignified and natural manner, and resting one hand gracefully upon the table and extending the other in an appealing manner, said in a powerful, though well-modulated voice: "The usual collection will now be taken up." Then, with equal grace and deliberation, the automaton resumed its seat.

Technovelgy from The Clericomotor, by Author Unknown.
Published by Detroit Free Press in 1884
Additional resources -

I don't know of an earlier reference to this particular idea; read it here.

Compare to the padre booth from Galactic Pot-Healer (1969) by Philip K. Dick, the robot pope from Good News From the Vatican (1971) by Robert Silverberg and the proselytizing robot from Cities in Flight (1951) by James Blish and the unichapel from THX 1138 by George Lucas.

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Additional resources:
  More Ideas and Technology from The Clericomotor
  More Ideas and Technology by Author Unknown
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